Examples of Descriptive Text

Bandengan Beach


Bandengan Beach or Tirta Samudra Beach is the famous beach in jepara. the place is very beautiful and romantic. people around Jepara, Kudus, Demak knows this place.

This place is located 7 kilometers north of Jepara city center. The way to get there is very easy. Just follow the traffic sign and you will find it. From the town square, follow the road to Bangsri then turn left when reached kuwasen village. You can take public transportation or by your own vehicle.

The white sandy beach which has pure water is good for swimming. The beach is save enough for swimming because the beach is shallow and the wave is not so big. This place is more beautiful at dusk. We can see the beautiful sunset with our family or friends.

In this location, we can sit and relax on the shelter while enjoy the natural beach breezy wind. It also has large pandan tree field. It is suitable for youngster activities such as camping.

If we want to sail, we can rent the traditional boat owned by local people. We can make voyage around the beach or we can go to pulau panjang (panjang island). Some time we can find banana boat and jet ski for rent.

In this place we can find many traditional footstalls. We can order traditional foods sold by the trader such as roasted fish, crab, boiled shell. Pindang srani is one of the delicious food enjoyed by the visitors.

come to the bandengan beach and you will find a paradise on the tips of Muria peninsula.




Borobudur is Hindu - Budhist temple. It was build in the nineth century under Sailendra dynasty of ancient Mataram kingdom. Borobudur is located in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia.
Borobudur is well-known all over the world. Its construction is influenced by the Gupta architecture of India. The temple is constructed on a hill 46 m high and consist of eight step like stone terrace. The first five terrace are square and surrounded by walls adorned with Budist sculpture in bas-relief. The upper three are circular. Each of them is with a circle of bell shape-stupa. The entire adifice is crowned by a large stupa at the centre at the centre of the top circle. The way to the summit extends through some 4.8 km of passage and starways. The design of borobudur which symbolizes the structure of universe influences temples at Angkor, Cambodia.
Borobudur temple which is rededicated as an Indonesian monument in 1983 is a valuable treasure for Indonesian people.

Suramadu Bridge



The Suramadu Bridge (Indonesian: Jembatan Suramadu), also known as the Surabaya–Madura Bridge, is a bridge with three cable-stayed sections constructed between Surabaya on the island of Java and the town of Bangkalan on the island of Madura in Indonesia. Opened on June 10, 2009, the 5.4-km bridge is the longest in Indonesia and the first bridge to cross the Madura Strait.
The cable-stayed portion has three spans with lengths 192 m, 434 m and 192 m. The bridge has two lanes in each direction plus an emergency lane and a dedicated lane for motorcycles. The first toll bridge in Indonesia, fares have been initially set at Rp. 30,000 (US$3 in 2009) for four-wheeled vehicles and Rp. 3,000 (US$0.30) for two-wheelers.
The bridge was built by a consortium of Indonesian companies PT Adhi Karya and PT Waskita Karya working with China Road and Bridge Corp. and China Harbor Engineering Co. Ltd. The total cost of the project, including connecting roads, has been estimated at 4.5 trillion rupiah (US$445 million).
Construction was started on August 20, 2003. In July 2004, a girder collapsed, killing one worker and injuring nine others. Work on the bridge halted at the end of 2004 due to lack of funds, but was restarted in November 2005. The main span of the bridge was connected on March 31, 2009, and the bridge was opened to the public in June 10, 2009.Within a week of the opening, it was discovered that nuts and bolts as well as maintenance lamps had been stolen and that there was evidence of vandalism of cables supporting the main span.


The Eiffel Tower



The Eiffel Tower (French: Tour Eiffel, [tu? ?f?l]) is a 19th century iron lattice tower located on the Champ de Mars in Paris that has become both a global icon of France and one of the most recognizable structures in the world. The Eiffel Tower, which is the tallest building in Paris, is the single most visited paid monument in the world; millions of people ascend it every year. Named after its designer, engineer Gustave Eiffel, the tower was built as the entrance arch for the 1889 World's Fair.
The tower stands at 324 m (1,063 ft) tall, about the same height as an 81-story building. It was the tallest structure in the world from its completion until 1930, when it was eclipsed by the Chrysler Building in New York City. Not including broadcast antennas, it is the second-tallest structure in France, behind the Millau Viaduct, completed in 2004. And while the Eiffel Tower is a steel structure, and weighs approximately 10,000 tonnes, it actually has a relatively low density, weighing less than a cylinder of air occupying the same dimensions as the tower.
The tower has three levels for visitors. Tickets can be purchased to ascend either on stairs or lifts to the first and second levels. The walk to the first level is over 300 steps, as is the walk from the first to the second level. The third and highest level is only accessible by lift. Both the first and second levels feature restaurants.
The tower has become the most prominent symbol of both Paris and France. The tower is a featured part of the backdrop in literally scores of movies that take place in Paris. Its iconic status is so established that it even serves as a symbol for the entire nation of France, such as when it was used as the logo for the French bid to host the 1992 Summer Olympics.
The metal structure of the Eiffel Tower weighs 7,300 tonnes while the entire structure including non-metal components is approximately 10,000 tonnes. Depending on the ambient temperature, the top of the tower may shift away from the sun by up to 18 cm (7.1 in) because of thermal expansion of the metal on the side facing the sun. As demonstration of the economy of design, if the 7300 tonnes of the metal structure were melted down it would fill the 125 meter square base to a depth of only 6 cm (2.36 in), assuming a density of the metal to be 7.8 tonnes per cubic meter. The tower has a mass less than the mass of the air contained in a cylinder of the same dimensions, that is 324 meters high and 88.3 meters in radius. The weight of the tower is 10,100 tonnes compared to 10,265 tonnes of air.
More than 200,000,000 people have visited the tower since its construction in 1889, including 6,719,200 in 2006, making it the most visited paid monument in the world.

Descriptive text review

Jakarta is located on the northwest coast of Java Island, at the mouth of the Ciliwung river. It dominates Indonesian’s administrative, economy, cultural activities, and is a major commercial and transportation hub within Asia.

The climate is hot and humid. Rainfall occurs throughout the year. The heaviest rainfall is from November to May. The city lies on a flat, low plain and is likely to be affected by flood during period of heavy rainfall.

The short monologue above is the audio file of listening section test for National Examination 2008. The monologue is followed by a multiple choice question at listening section number 13 as bellow:

13. Why is Jakarta at risk of flooding?
A. It lies on high land.
B. It is densely populated.
C. It lies on a flat low plain area.
D. The climate is hot and humid.
E. It is at the mouth of the Ciliwung River.

Commonly a descriptive text will describe a particular thing, place, or someone. A descriptive text is structured with general identification and followed by detail description. In Identification paragraph, descriptive text will explore to answer the question of who, what when and where. The detail description will include a description to answer how it looks, where it is sees, what it does, and what it make it special.

How to Teach Speaking

A new teacher who has been observing some of my classes lately as part of her ESL Teacher training asked me this question the other day: "How do I teach speaking?".
At first I thought it was a joke question, because to me the answer seemed so simple, but when I realized that it was a serious question, I had to stop and think about if for a second. At first glance, teaching speaking simply involves providing your students with as many chances to speak as is possible - sometimes in a controlled context, and sometimes in a free context.
The first thing to keep in mind is that when we are helping our language students learn to speak English, we are not actually teaching them to speak. Unless they are infants, they already know how to do that. What we are really helping them with falls into three categories
1. improving fluency (speaking smoothly)
2. improving pronunciation (saying words properly)
3. improving enunciation (Saying words/phrases clearly - I think this includes word and sentence intonation)
Some would say that vocabulary, grammar, and cultural usage also fall into how we teach speaking, but I'd say that while they are critical, they are not only in the domain of speaking. Speaking is about using our mouth and vocal cords to make sounds that people understand as language. It certainly involves other elements like grammar and vocabulary, but they aren't the core of it.
So, back to the main question of how to teach speaking. Let's look at each of the three elements I mentioned above
Improving Fluency
Fluency comes from practice - plain and simple. However it needs to be practice that involves extended use of the language and use of extended sentences. You can not build fluency by repeating single words or short phrases. Fluency at its heart relates to being able to speak for longer periods of time in a smooth way. Broadly speaking, here are a few things that can help build fluency:
1. speeches or presentations
2. group discussions
3. role plays
4. negotiations and debates
5. interviews and meetings
6. chatting in small groups
Improving Pronunciation
Pronunciation is the ability to say words properly with the correct sounds in the correct places. This is a skill that can take a VERY long to develop, but with consistent work and practice, it can be done. There are two keys to proper pronunciation 1) tons of native speaker input and 2) tons of speaking by the learner with native speakers. However, practice and lessons that target specific trouble areas can make a huge difference in a student's ability to deal with issues in pronunciation.
1. working on specific vowels
2. working on trouble consonants (e.g. th for French speakers)
3. working on understanding movement and location of mouth and tongue when making sounds
Improving Enunciation
Enunciation is speaking clearly - perhaps better understood by its opposite which is mumbling or slurring words. Enunciation is a very important aspect of speaking in that poor enunciation can make someone almost impossible to understand. Again improvements in enunciation come from exposure to native speakers, and plenty of natural practice. Of course focused work targeting problem areas can help a great deal as well. Things that can be done to help with enunciation include:
1. focused work on trouble word combinations
2. working on reductions (want to –> wanna)
3. working on sentence level stress points
4. working on word level stress points (e.g. differences between noun/verb forms of same word record/record)
5. working on sentence level intonation patterns
As you may have noticed I haven't provided any specific lesson ideas on how to teach speaking. There are literally hundreds of different activities that you can use in myraid different situations. There isn't one right way, or even one right sequence. Just be sure to give your students plenty of time for talking freely, supplement this with targeted exercises and practice, and actively encourage your students to listen to and speak with as many native speakers as they possibly can on a regular basis.
Cheers,
Eric
http://teachers-call.com/2008/04/how-to-teach-speaking.html

English Language Usage Mistakes
Speaking, listening, reading, and writing are not entirely separable entities. 
degree 
The English language has comparative and superlative endings for some words. Those word endings indicate degree of intensity. For example, consider the word pretty.
pretty, prettier, and prettiest 
During August 2003 a very prominent American political person toured an ourdoor area where some renovation work was in progress and made the following unscripted remark on national television: "This area will be more pretty when the work is completed." 
The substitution of more in usages that require comparative endings is widespread in America at the outset of the Twenty-first Century, perhaps reflecting the commercialization of society. There are, of course, some appropriate uses of the word more to intensify degree. However, it is more appropriate to use comparative or superlative word endings for many words. It is not correct to say or write appropriate(er). If you are in doubt regarding the correct way to express degree of a word, consult your dictionary. 
The following is from an August 30, 2003, TV promotion for a face cream.
After application pores in the facial skin are "less smaller." 
proactive 
A local school board, assessing the criteria for a new school superintendent, decided that the new superintendent should be "proactive." The prefix (pro-) means for. America's infamous "couch potatoes" are proactive. They favor activity. They can sit and watch activity for endless hours: football, basketball, baseball, golf, tennis, and staged scuffles on TV shows featuring disfunctional behavior. The school board wanted to find a superintendent who would provide efficient administration and who would also actively pursue opportunities for improved student performance. They wanted an active person. 
The word proactive has become a buzzword among the elite who provide news media and entertainment media commentary on affairs of the day and affairs of state. Perhaps the extensive use of the word proactive reflects America's change from an active society to a sedentary society. Choose the word active. 
you know 
There was a time when a speaker could pause. A pause is not acceptable in the electronic media era. "Dead time" causes "channel flipping." Speakers interject the phrase, you know, to buy thinking time. Some speakers, because they are are inadequately prepared or incompetent, use the phrase almost continuously. Some of us use the phrase, you know, because it has become an unconscious habit. This author once endured a two-hour lecture class in which the lecturer used the phrase, you know, 18 times each minute of every two hour class session, thus inadvertently making horologists of the students! 
Teachers know that young students have a tendency to write the language as they have heard it spoken. If students have customarily heard the language misused, they must relearn the language to make satisfactory academic progress. 
move forward 
A phrase spoken with reliable frequency by politicians, business executives, and administrators who want to avoid accountability, want to avoid answering a critical question, is move forward. The accountability dodge may be expressed as in the following sentence.
I don't want to dwell on these negative things; I want to move forward. 
Forward, as used in the above context is meaningless. It is neither a physical location nor a policy position. We have no obligation to develop masterly writing skills, but we the people have a requirement to understand the language if we expect democracy to function. 
email 
Computer electronic communication brings us the problem of maintaining our humanity while interacting with strangers in absentia. When we deal with other human beings, face-to-face, we read facial expressions, tone of voice, and body movements, and that enables us to better understand how our own expressions are being received. It tempers our behavior. The possibility of adverse reaction to inappropriate face-to-face expression provides a certain discipline. It helps insure our humanity. We have become accustomed to this feed-back over the millennia, and we are dependent on it. All of this is missing when we communicate electronically. 
Communication is facilitated by respect and courtesy. People who have held leadership positions are aware that familiarity can breed contempt. Rephrased for the electronic era that observation becomes: unwarranted familiarity is contempt. Familiarity is by invitation only. If you were to send an email message to a former President of the United States and opened the message with, Hi Bill, Hi Jimmy, Hi George, or Hi Jerry you would be sending an unflattering message about yourself. Use appropriate courtesy titles when communicating on-line, e.g., Mr., Mrs., Ms., or Miss, unless you are communicating with a close personal friend. 
The physical inaccessability obtainable in the era of electronic business enables businesses and individuals to avoid accountability and acceptance of responsibility. Effective communication in the electronic era requires the same hard work and discipline that was required in previous eras. Communicate responsibly. 
gestures 
Those of us who have read history or made history will recall the V for Victory gesture used so effectively by British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, and by General of the Armies, Dwight Eisenhower. It was an effective form of communication in the context of WW II. It may have been the only gesture the eloquent Churchill ever used. Gestures are effective when they are rarely and appropriately used. You can observe ineffective use of gestures by turning on a television "talk" show and watching the hands and arms vigorously and aimlessly flailing, thus revealing the owner's inability to address the issue being discussed. Beware, when you gesture, you send a signal, a message about yourself. 
image 
The purpose of language is, obviously, to communicate. We know, however, that false messages date to early recorded history. Our contemporary era is fraught with a new communication deception: image. Politicians, governments, corporations, and celebrities employ professional image manipulators. The intent is to replace crude reality with a designed image. Image manipulation is deception. Image manipulation for profit, personal gain, or to avoid accountability is a perversion of the language, and it does a disservice to society. Read "between the lines" with skepticism. 
Taken from:
www.iscribe.org/english/mstk.html

Tutorila Adjectives

Comparative and superlative adjectives: formation

The comparative is formed with –er or more; the superlative is formed with –est or most. One syllable adjectives like big and fast tend to prefer –er and –est. Larger ones like beautiful and carefully take more and most. 
John is tall. 
John is taller than Peter. 
John is the tallest man I know. 
Susie drives carefully. 
Susie drives more carefully than Alice. 
Susie drives the most carefully of anybody in Paris.

English Grammar
Comparison using positive adjectives and adverbs
Positive adjectives and adverbs can be used for comparing. Several different grammatical structures are possible
As … as …

This structure is used to say that people, things, actions or events are equal in a particular way. 
A car is as fast as a bus. 
Alice is as beautiful as Mary. 
Tom is as tall as Harry. 

If we want to say that people, things etc are unequal in a particular way, we can use not so … as … or not as … as …
Tom is not as/so tall as Harry. 
A car is not as/so fast as a train. 
Alice is not as/so beautiful as Susie. 
No other as … as …

This structure can be used to compare one person or thing with the whole group that she/he/it belongs to. 
No other girl is as intelligent as Alice. 
No other metal is as useful as iron. 
No other river is as long as the Niles. 
As much/many … as …/as few/little … as…

This structure is used to make a comparison of quantity. 
I earn as much money as you. 
Alice has as many children as Mary. 
Tom earns as much as Harry. 
We have as many cars as them. 
They have as few visitors as we have. 
They have as little money as we have. 

In an informal style, we use object pronouns (us, them, him etc.) after as. In a more formal style, subject pronouns are used usually with verbs. 
I earn as much money as he does. 
We have as many children as they have. 
Not as much/many … as …

This structure can be used to say that quantities are not equal in a particular way. 
He does not earn as much as I do. 
Harry does not eat as much food as Tom does. 
We do not have as many visitors as them. 

Comparision using comparative adjectives and adverbs

To say that people, things etc are unequal in a particular way, we can use comparative adjectives/adverbs.
She is older than me. 
Tom is taller than his brothers. 
Iron is more useful than any other metal. 
He is cleverer than her. 

In an informal style, object pronouns are used after than. In a more formal style, subject pronouns are used usually with verbs. 
He is cleverer than she is. 
He earns more than I do. 

We can use double comparatives (…er and …er or more and more …) to say that something is changing. 
You are getting fatter and fatter. 
We are going more and more slowly. 
The + comparative expression + subject + verb

We can use comparatives with the … the … to say that things change or vary together. Note the word order in both clauses. 
The more I study, the less I learn. (NOT … I learn the less.) 
The older I get, the happier I am. (NOT … I am the happier.) 

More can be used with a noun in this structure. 
The more money he makes, the more useless things he buys.

Comparison using superlative adjectives and adverbs


We use the superlative to compare somebody/something with the whole group that she/he/it belongs to. 
Tom is the tallest of the four brothers. 
Gold is the most precious of all metals. (OR Gold is the most precious metal.)

Grammar notes

Nouns with superlative adjectives normally take the article the (unless there is a possessive). 
She is the best girl in the class. (NOT She is best girl …)

Superlative adjectives in predicative position also tend to take the, though it is sometimes dropped in an informal style.
This book is (the) best. 

The is sometimes dropped before superlative adverbs in an informal style. 
Who can run (the) fastest? 

After superlatives, we do not usually use of with a singular word referring to a place or a group. 
He is the richest man in the world. (NOT … of the world.) 
Who is the fastest player in the team? (NOT … of the team?) 

But of can be used before plurals, and before singular quantifiers like lot and bunch. 
Iron is the most useful of all metals. 
He is the best of the lot.

The difference between comparative and superlative


We use the comparative to compare one person, thing, action, event or group with another person, thing etc. We use the superlative to compare somebody/something with the whole group that she/he/it belongs to. 
Mary is taller than her three sisters. 
Mary is the tallest of the four girls. 
He plays better than anybody else in the team. 
He is the best player in the team. 
Iron is more useful than any other metal. 
Iron is the most useful metal. 

When a group only has two members, we sometimes use the comparative instead of the superlative. 
John and Tom are clever boys, but I think John is the cleverer/cleverest of the two. 
Take the shorter/shortest of the two routes. 
Alice and Mary are rich women. But Alice is the richer/richest of the two. 

Some people feel that a superlative is incorrect in this case.

Degree modifiers with comparatives and superlatives



We cannot use very with comparatives. Instead we use other degree modifiers like much, far, very much, a lot, lots, any, no, rather, a little, a bit and even. 
She is much older than her husband. (NOT … very older than ...) 
Is he any better? 
Russian is much/far more difficult than Spanish. 
You are no better than him. 

Note that any, no, a bit and a lot are not normally used to modify comparatives before nouns. 
There are much better shops in the city. (NOT … a bit/a lot better …)

Quite is not normally used with comparatives, but it is possible in the expression quite better, meaning ‘recovered from an illness’.

Superlatives can be modified by much and by far, and by other adverbs of degree such as quite and almost. 
She is by far the oldest in the firm. 
He is quite the most stupid person I have ever met. 

When more modifies a plural noun, it is modified by many. 
many more opportunities

When more modifies a singular/uncountable noun, it is modified by much. 
much more money


acuan bacaan
http://www.iscribe.org/english/adj.html

ketemu Obama

show your attitude show your personality

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